If you want a stronger, more defined back, focusing on your lat muscles is key. The latissimus dorsi, or “lats,” play a crucial role in upper body strength, posture, and overall athletic performance. Whether you’re aiming for a wider V-shaped torso, improved lifting power, or better stability, incorporating the right exercises can make all the difference.
In this article, we’ll cover the best lat exercises for 2025, backed by expert recommendations, to help you maximize muscle growth and strength. Therefore, we invite you to read on and discover the most effective workouts to take your back training to the next level!
Without further ado, let’s get started…
Why Train Your Lats?
Your latissimus dorsi, commonly known as the lats, are among the largest muscles in your upper body. These powerful, wing-shaped muscles extend from your lower back to your upper arms, playing a crucial role in various movements and overall strength. Training your lats is essential for more than just aesthetics, as it enhances both functional performance and athletic ability.
Why Your Lats Matter
- Essential for Everyday Movements – Your lats are involved in pulling motions like opening doors, lifting groceries, or even reaching overhead. Strengthening them improves posture, stability, and injury prevention.
- Key to Upper Body Strength – Whether you’re doing pull-ups, deadlifts, or rows, your lats contribute significantly to lifting heavier weights and maintaining proper form.
- Supports Posture and Spinal Health – Weak lats can lead to rounded shoulders and poor posture. Strengthening them helps keep your upper body aligned, reducing the risk of back pain.
- Creates the V-Shaped Torso – Well-developed lats give your upper body that broad-shouldered, narrow-waisted look, making them a focal point for physique transformation.
By incorporating targeted lat exercises, you not only build strength but also achieve a more defined, athletic, and balanced upper body. In the next section, we’ll explore the best exercises to activate and grow your lats effectively.
Top 10 Lat Exercises to Build a Stronger Back
Building a stronger, more defined back requires consistent training that targets the latissimus dorsi (lats) muscles. The lats play a key role in creating that coveted V-shaped torso and improving upper body strength.
Here are 10 of the best lat exercises to help you build a stronger back, improve posture, and enhance your pulling power:
1. Pull-Ups
Pull-ups are a fundamental bodyweight exercise that primarily targets the latissimus dorsi, helping to build upper body strength and create a wider back. This exercise also engages the biceps, shoulders, and core, making it a great compound movement for overall muscle development. Pull-ups enhance grip strength, improve posture, and contribute to functional fitness.
How to Do It:
- Step 1: Grab a pull-up bar with an overhand grip (palms facing away), slightly wider than shoulder-width apart. Hang with your arms fully extended and engage your core.
- Step 2: Pull your chest toward the bar by driving your elbows down and back, keeping your body straight and avoiding excessive swinging.
- Step 3: Once your chin clears the bar, pause briefly at the top while maintaining control.
- Step 4: Slowly lower yourself back to the starting position, fully extending your arms before beginning the next rep.
Muscles Targeted:
- Primary: Latissimus dorsi
- Secondary: Biceps, rear delts, traps, core
Benefits:
- Builds upper body strength and muscle definition, particularly in the lats.
- Improves grip strength, which translates to better performance in other lifts.
- Enhances functional fitness by mimicking real-world pulling movements.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Using Momentum – Swinging or kipping reduces lat engagement and shifts the focus away from proper muscle activation.
- Half Reps – Not going all the way up or down limits strength and muscle development. Always aim for full range of motion.
- Incorrect Grip Width – Holding too narrow or too wide can reduce lat activation or strain the shoulders. Keep a comfortable, shoulder-width grip.
Pro Tips for Better Results:
- Engage Your Core – Keeping your abs tight prevents excessive swinging and maintains control.
- Slow and Controlled Movement – Avoid rushing the reps; control both the pull and descent for maximum muscle activation.
- Use Assistance if Needed – Beginners can use resistance bands or an assisted pull-up machine to build strength before progressing to unassisted pull-ups.
2. Chin-Ups
Chin-ups are a highly effective bodyweight exercise that targets the lats while placing greater emphasis on the biceps compared to pull-ups. This movement helps develop upper body strength, improves grip, and enhances overall back and arm muscle definition.
Furthermore, Chin-ups are an excellent choice for those looking to build pulling power and a stronger V-shaped torso.
How to Do It:
- Step 1: Grab a pull-up bar with an underhand grip (palms facing toward you), about shoulder-width apart. Hang with your arms fully extended and engage your core.
- Step 2: Pull yourself up by driving your elbows down and back, focusing on bringing your chin above the bar. Keep your body as straight as possible.
- Step 3: Squeeze your lats and biceps at the top, holding for a brief pause.
- Step 4: Lower yourself in a slow, controlled manner until your arms are fully extended before starting the next rep.
Muscles Targeted:
- Primary: Latissimus dorsi, biceps
- Secondary: Rear delts, traps, core
Benefits:
- Increases upper body pulling strength with greater biceps activation.
- Enhances grip strength and endurance.
- Supports better posture by strengthening the back and shoulders.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Relying on Momentum – Swinging reduces the effectiveness of the movement. Maintain control throughout.
- Not Fully Extending Arms – Cutting the range of motion short limits muscle engagement. Lower yourself completely between reps.
- Flaring the Elbows – Keep elbows tucked close to your body to prevent unnecessary shoulder strain.
Pro Tips for Better Results:
- Squeeze the Bar Tight – A firm grip enhances muscle engagement and stability.
- Engage Your Core – Tightening your abs prevents excessive swinging and keeps your body aligned.
- Use Assistance if Needed – Resistance bands or an assisted chin-up machine can help beginners build strength.
3. Lat Pulldowns
Lat pulldowns are a machine-based exercise designed to strengthen and develop the latissimus dorsi muscles. They provide a great alternative to pull-ups, especially for beginners or those looking to build lat strength with controlled resistance. This exercise also engages the biceps, shoulders, and upper back, making it essential for improving pulling power and posture.
How to Do It:
- Step 1: Sit at a lat pulldown machine and adjust the knee pad to keep your legs secure. Grab the bar with an overhand grip, slightly wider than shoulder-width.
- Step 2: Lean back slightly and pull the bar down towards your upper chest by driving your elbows down and back. Focus on engaging your lats rather than relying on your arms.
- Step 3: Pause at the bottom while squeezing your lats, keeping your chest up and shoulders retracted.
- Step 4: Slowly extend your arms to return the bar to the starting position, maintaining control throughout the movement.
Muscles Targeted:
- Primary: Latissimus dorsi
- Secondary: Biceps, rear delts, traps, rhomboids
Benefits:
- Builds lat strength and width, contributing to a V-shaped torso.
- Provides a controlled environment to focus on proper lat engagement.
- Ideal for beginners who may struggle with pull-ups.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Using Too Much Momentum – Avoid leaning back excessively or jerking the weight down, as this reduces lat activation.
- Pulling Behind the Neck – This can strain the shoulders and neck; always pull the bar to the front of your chest.
- Not Controlling the Eccentric Phase – Slowly returning the bar to the start maximizes muscle engagement and prevents injuries.
Pro Tips for Better Results:
- Use a Full Range of Motion – Fully extend your arms at the top and pull the bar all the way down to maximize lat activation.
- Engage Your Core – Keeping your abs tight stabilizes your body and prevents excessive movement.
- Experiment with Grip Variations – A wider grip emphasizes the upper lats, while a closer grip shifts focus to the lower lats and biceps.
4. Single Arm Lat Pull Down
The single-arm lat pulldown is a unilateral exercise that helps correct muscle imbalances by allowing each side of the back to work independently. This movement targets the lats while also engaging the biceps, shoulders, and core for stability. By focusing on one arm at a time, you can improve mind-muscle connection and ensure equal development on both sides.
How to Do It:
- Step 1: Sit at a cable pulldown machine and attach a single handle to the pulley. Adjust the seat and secure your legs under the pad.
- Step 2: Grab the handle with a neutral or underhand grip, fully extending your arm while keeping your torso upright.
- Step 3: Pull the handle down towards your chest by driving your elbow down and back, keeping your body stable and avoiding excessive twisting.
- Step 4: Pause at the bottom while squeezing your lat, then slowly extend your arm back to the starting position with control.
Muscles Targeted:
- Primary: Latissimus dorsi
- Secondary: Biceps, traps, rear delts, core
Benefits:
- Improves muscle symmetry by addressing imbalances between the left and right lats.
- Enhances mind-muscle connection, allowing better lat activation.
- Engages the core for stability, improving overall body control.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Twisting the Torso – Keep your body stable and avoid rotating to compensate for the pull.
- Using Excessive Momentum – Focus on controlled movements rather than pulling explosively.
- Not Fully Extending the Arm – Ensure a full range of motion to maximize lat activation.
Pro Tips for Better Results:
- Control the Negative Phase – Slowly return to the starting position to increase time under tension.
- Use a Neutral Grip – This can reduce strain on the shoulders and improve lat engagement.
- Incorporate Different Angles – Slightly adjusting your body position can help target different areas of the lats.
5. Pullover
The pullover is a versatile exercise that effectively targets the lats while also engaging the chest, shoulders, and triceps. It can be performed using a dumbbell, barbell, or cable machine, making it a great addition to any back or upper-body workout. This movement helps improve shoulder mobility, enhances upper-body flexibility, and strengthens the muscles responsible for pulling motions.
How to Do It:
- Step 1: Lie flat on a bench with your feet planted firmly on the floor. Hold a dumbbell or barbell with both hands, extending your arms straight above your chest.
- Step 2: Keeping a slight bend in your elbows, slowly lower the weight behind your head in a controlled arc until your arms are in line with your torso or slightly below.
- Step 3: Pause at the bottom, feeling a deep stretch in your lats. Avoid excessive arching of the lower back.
- Step 4: Engage your lats and pull the weight back to the starting position, keeping the movement smooth and controlled.
Muscles Targeted:
- Primary: Latissimus dorsi
- Secondary: Chest, triceps, shoulders, core
Benefits:
- Increases lat flexibility and range of motion.
- Strengthens the lats while also engaging the chest and triceps.
- Enhances posture and improves overhead strength.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Arching the Lower Back – Keep your core engaged to prevent excessive spinal extension.
- Using Too Much Weight – Focus on controlled movements rather than lifting excessively heavy loads.
- Rushing Through Reps – Move slowly to maximize the stretch and contraction in the lats.
Pro Tips for Better Results:
- Keep a Slight Bend in the Elbows – This prevents unnecessary strain on the shoulders and joints.
- Use a Full Range of Motion – Lower the weight as far as comfortable to maximize lat activation.
- Try Different Equipment – Use cables for continuous tension or dumbbells for greater stretch and contraction.
6. Deadlifts (Optional)
Deadlifts are a compound exercise that works multiple muscle groups, including the lats, lower back, glutes, hamstrings, and core. While they are not a direct lat isolation exercise, they play a crucial role in strengthening the posterior chain and improving overall pulling strength.
Incorporating deadlifts into your routine can enhance lat engagement, grip strength, and posture, making them an excellent addition for a well-rounded back workout.
How to Do It:
- Step 1: Stand with your feet hip-width apart, toes pointing forward, and the barbell positioned over the middle of your feet.
- Step 2: Bend at your hips and knees to grip the bar just outside your knees, keeping your back straight and chest up.
- Step 3: Engage your lats by pulling your shoulder blades down and back before lifting the bar.
- Step 4: Push through your heels and extend your hips to lift the bar, keeping it close to your body as you stand upright.
- Step 5: Lower the bar in a controlled manner by hinging at the hips and bending your knees until the bar reaches the floor.
Muscles Targeted:
- Primary: Hamstrings, glutes, lower back, core
- Secondary: Latissimus dorsi, traps, forearms, quads
Benefits:
- Builds full-body strength, particularly in the posterior chain.
- Enhances grip strength and overall pulling power.
- Improves posture and core stability.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Rounding the Lower Back – Keep your spine neutral to prevent injuries.
- Lifting With Your Arms – The lats should be engaged, but the lift should come from your legs and hips.
- Not Keeping the Bar Close – Keep the bar close to your body throughout the movement to maintain proper form.
Pro Tips for Better Results:
- Engage Your Lats Before Lifting – Imagine pulling the bar towards your body to activate the lats.
- Use a Mixed Grip – This can improve grip strength and prevent the bar from slipping.
- Start With a Lighter Weight – Focus on form and gradually increase resistance to avoid injuries.
7. Straight Arm Pulldowns (Optional)
Straight arm pulldowns are a great isolation exercise to specifically target the latissimus dorsi muscles. This movement involves keeping the arms straight throughout the pull, which enhances the mind-muscle connection and provides a deeper stretch and contraction in the lats.
Furthermore, it’s especially beneficial for improving the overall definition of the back and enhancing the strength of the lats in their fully extended position.
How to Do It:
- Step 1: Stand facing a cable machine with a straight bar or rope attachment set to the highest position. Grip the bar with both hands, keeping your arms fully extended and your torso upright.
- Step 2: With a slight bend in your knees and your chest lifted, pull the bar straight down in front of your body, keeping your arms straight and focusing on using your lats rather than your arms.
- Step 3: Squeeze your lats at the bottom of the movement, ensuring your shoulders are fully depressed and your chest stays upright.
- Step 4: Slowly return the bar to the starting position, maintaining tension in the lats as you extend your arms back up.
Muscles Targeted:
- Primary: Latissimus dorsi
- Secondary: Traps, shoulders, core
Benefits:
- Specifically isolates the lats, helping to improve back width and definition.
- Enhances control and engagement of the lats in their fully extended position.
- Improves mind-muscle connection and shoulder stability.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Bending the Elbows – Keep your arms straight throughout the movement to maximize lat activation.
- Using Too Much Weight – Avoid using excessive weight that forces you to rely on your arms instead of your lats.
- Not Engaging the Lats – Focus on pulling with your lats, not your arms, to get the most benefit from the exercise.
Pro Tips for Better Results:
- Use a Slow Tempo – Control the movement in both the concentric and eccentric phases for increased time under tension.
- Engage Your Core – Keeping your core tight will help stabilize your torso and improve your form.
- Maintain a Slight Bend in Your Knees – This will help reduce stress on your lower back and allow for better posture.
8. Chest-Supported Dumbbell Rows (Optional)
Chest-supported dumbbell rows are a great exercise for targeting the lats, upper back, and rear delts with minimal strain on the lower back. This variation allows you to focus on form and muscle engagement, without the risk of using momentum or overcompensating with your lower body.
By lying face down on an incline bench, the chest support ensures that your torso stays stable, enabling you to perform controlled, precise movements that fully engage your back muscles.
How to Do It:
- Step 1: Set an incline bench to a slight angle and lie face down with your chest resting on the bench. Keep your feet flat on the ground or secured in place for stability.
- Step 2: Grab a dumbbell in each hand with a neutral grip, allowing your arms to hang straight down.
- Step 3: While keeping your elbows slightly bent, pull the dumbbells up towards your torso, focusing on squeezing your shoulder blades together and engaging your lats.
- Step 4: Lower the dumbbells back to the starting position in a controlled manner, fully extending your arms to maximize the stretch.
Muscles Targeted:
- Primary: Latissimus dorsi
- Secondary: Rhomboids, rear delts, traps, biceps
Benefits:
- Provides excellent lat activation with less stress on the lower back.
- Enhances upper back and rear delt development.
- Promotes scapular retraction and improves posture.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Using Too Much Weight – This can cause you to use momentum rather than muscle engagement, leading to poor form and potential injury.
- Not Retracting the Scapula – Focus on pulling the shoulder blades together to fully activate the lats and upper back.
- Arching the Neck – Keep your neck neutral and aligned with your spine to avoid unnecessary strain.
Pro Tips for Better Results:
- Control the Eccentric Phase – Slow down the lowering phase to increase time under tension and maximize muscle growth.
- Avoid Overextending the Arms – While it’s important to get a full stretch, don’t allow your arms to go too far forward, as this can strain the shoulder joint.
- Use a Neutral Grip – This can help minimize strain on the shoulders and improve the range of motion for the lats.
9. Seated Row (Optional)
The seated row is a staple back exercise that targets the latissimus dorsi, rhomboids, and traps, while also engaging the biceps and forearms. This exercise can be performed on a cable machine or a rowing machine, making it accessible for most gym-goers.
Furthermore, the seated row allows for a controlled, smooth movement, which helps in building a stronger upper back, improving posture, and enhancing the overall pulling strength required for daily activities.
How to Do It:
- Step 1: Sit on the seated row machine with your feet flat against the footrests, knees slightly bent, and your chest up. Grip the handles with a neutral or overhand grip, depending on the machine or attachment.
- Step 2: Lean slightly back, maintaining a neutral spine, and extend your arms in front of you to grab the handles.
- Step 3: Pull the handles towards your torso, driving your elbows straight back and squeezing your shoulder blades together. Keep your chest open and avoid rounding your back.
- Step 4: Slowly return the handles to the starting position, fully extending your arms and maintaining tension in your lats.
Muscles Targeted:
- Primary: Latissimus dorsi, rhomboids
- Secondary: Traps, biceps, forearms
Benefits:
- Strengthens the lats and upper back, promoting better posture.
- Improves pulling power and grip strength.
- Enhances scapular retraction, which is important for overall shoulder health.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Rounding the Back – Keep your chest lifted and spine neutral throughout the movement to prevent injury.
- Using Momentum – Avoid jerking or swinging your body to lift the weight; focus on slow, controlled reps.
- Not Retracting the Scapula – Fully retract your shoulder blades as you row to maximize lat engagement.
Pro Tips for Better Results:
- Engage Your Core – Keeping your core tight will help maintain a stable torso and improve your form.
- Focus on Full Range of Motion – Ensure you extend your arms completely at the start and fully squeeze your shoulder blades at the end.
- Use a Controlled Tempo – Slow down the negative (eccentric) phase of the movement to increase time under tension and maximize back muscle activation.
10. V-Bar Lat Pulldown (Optional)
The V-bar lat pulldown is a variation of the standard lat pulldown that uses a V-shaped attachment. This exercise targets the lats more specifically, helping to increase back width and improve overall lat strength. The V-bar allows for a more natural, close-grip movement, which focuses on both the lower and upper parts of the lats.
Furthermore, this exercise is particularly effective for building a V-shaped back and improving posture by engaging the muscles of the back, shoulders, and arms.
How to Do It:
- Step 1: Sit at a lat pulldown machine and attach a V-bar to the cable. Adjust the seat so your thighs are comfortably secured, and your feet are flat on the floor.
- Step 2: Reach up and grip the V-bar with both hands, keeping your palms facing each other and your elbows slightly bent.
- Step 3: Engage your core and lean back slightly, pulling your chest up. Pull the V-bar down toward your chest, driving your elbows straight down and behind you. Squeeze your shoulder blades together at the bottom of the movement.
- Step 4: Slowly release the bar back to the starting position, fully extending your arms while keeping tension in the lats throughout the motion.
Muscles Targeted:
- Primary: Latissimus dorsi
- Secondary: Biceps, traps, rhomboids, shoulders
Benefits:
- Specifically isolates and strengthens the lats for better back width and definition.
- Reduces shoulder strain compared to wide-grip lat pulldowns, making it a safer alternative for some individuals.
- Improves posture and scapular retraction, contributing to overall back strength.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Leaning Too Far Back – Avoid excessive leaning or arching your back to prevent strain on your lower back.
- Using Momentum – Don’t jerk the weight down. Instead, focus on a controlled, steady movement to maximize muscle engagement.
- Not Engaging the Lats – Ensure the focus is on pulling with your lats, not your arms. Keep the elbows driving downward, not outward.
Pro Tips for Better Results:
- Keep the Chest Up – Maintain an upright chest to prevent overextending your lower back and to ensure proper form.
- Use a Controlled Tempo – Slow down the eccentric phase of the movement to maximize lat engagement and time under tension.
- Focus on Elbow Position – Keep your elbows in line with your torso, avoiding flare to isolate the lats more effectively.
These top 10 lat exercises, when incorporated into your training routine, can help you build a stronger, more defined back. Focus on proper form, consistent progression, and targeting different areas of the lats for well-rounded muscle development.
Sample Lat Workout Routine for a Stronger Back
This sample lat workout is designed to help you build a wider, stronger back while targeting the entire latissimus dorsi muscle. It includes a combination of bodyweight, free weight, and machine exercises for optimal muscle engagement and growth.
Perform this workout 2-3 times a week, ensuring you have adequate recovery between sessions.
Exercise | Sets | Reps | Rest | Notes |
Warm-Up | – | 5-10 minutes | – | Dynamic stretching & lat activation exercises (band pull-aparts) |
Pull-Ups | 3-4 | 8-12 | 60-90 seconds | Use assistance if needed for proper form. |
Lat Pulldowns | 3-4 | 10-12 | 60-90 seconds | Focus on slow and controlled movement. |
Single Arm Lat Pulldown | 3 | 10-12 per arm | 60 seconds | Use controlled movements to isolate each lat. |
Chest-Supported Dumbbell Rows | 3-4 | 10-12 | 60-90 seconds | Keep chest supported to reduce lower back strain. |
Straight Arm Pulldowns | 3 | 12-15 | 45-60 seconds | Focus on squeezing lats with arms straight. |
Seated Row | 3-4 | 10-12 | 60-90 seconds | Keep back straight and retract shoulder blades. |
V-Bar Lat Pulldown | 3 | 8-12 | 60-90 seconds | Pull bar towards chest, elbows close to body. |
Cooldown | – | 5-10 minutes | – | Lat stretches & foam rolling on the upper back. |
Pro Tips:
- Form is Key: Maintain control and avoid using momentum during each exercise.
- Mind-Muscle Connection: Focus on feeling your lats engage in each movement.
- Progression: Gradually increase weight or reps to continue building strength and muscle.
This routine will effectively target the lats from various angles, contributing to better back development, improved posture, and overall strength.
Final Thoughts
Incorporating effective lat exercises into your workout routine is crucial for building a stronger, more defined back. The latissimus dorsi muscles play a pivotal role in enhancing posture, improving upper body strength, and creating the coveted V-shaped torso. Exercises like pull-ups, chin-ups, and lat pulldowns are foundational for targeting the lats directly.
Additionally, incorporating variations such as single-arm pulldowns and straight arm pulldowns can help address muscle imbalances and improve overall back definition.
For those looking to enhance their pulling power and overall physique in 2025, focusing on these exercises will be key. It’s important to maintain proper form throughout each exercise to maximize muscle engagement while minimizing the risk of injury. By combining these targeted workouts with consistent training and patience, individuals can achieve significant improvements in both strength and aesthetics.
Whether you’re an athlete seeking better performance or someone aiming for a healthier lifestyle through fitness, strengthening your lats is an essential step towards achieving your goals.
With dedication and persistence in incorporating these top-recommended exercises into your routine, you’ll be well on your way to developing a stronger back that supports both functional ability and aesthetic appeal.
Key Takeaways
- The latissimus dorsi muscles are crucial for upper body strength, posture, and athletic performance. They play a significant role in pulling motions and overall muscle development.
- Pull-ups are a fundamental exercise that targets the lats effectively while engaging other muscles like biceps and shoulders. They enhance grip strength and improve functional fitness.
- Chin-ups focus more on the biceps compared to pull-ups but still target the lats effectively, making them ideal for building upper body pulling power.
- Lat pulldowns offer a controlled environment to build lat strength without needing full-body engagement like pull-ups, making them suitable for beginners or those seeking isolation exercises.
- Single-arm pulldowns help correct muscle imbalances by targeting each side of the back independently, ensuring equal development and enhancing mind-muscle connection.
- The pullover targets not only the lats but also engages chest muscles, improving shoulder mobility and enhancing overall upper-body flexibility.
- While primarily targeting lower body muscles, deadlifts also engage lats significantly, contributing to improved grip strength and posture when performed correctly.
- This exercise specifically isolates the latissimus dorsi muscles by keeping arms straight throughout the movement, providing deep stretch and contraction benefits.
- Maintaining proper form during these exercises is crucial to avoid injuries while maximizing muscle activation—focusing on slow movements rather than momentum or excessive weight is key.
- Regularly incorporating these exercises into your workout routine will lead to noticeable improvements in both strength and aesthetics over time with consistent effort and patience.
FAQs
How often should I train my lats?
It is recommended to train your lats at least two to three times per week. This frequency allows for adequate recovery time while promoting muscle growth and strength.
Can you build strong lats without weights?
Yes, you can build strong lats without weights by focusing on bodyweight exercises like pull-ups and variations of rows using resistance bands or even towels.
Are there any specific supplements that help with building stronger lats?
While supplements aren’t necessary for muscle growth, protein powder can help support muscle recovery after workouts focused on building stronger back muscles like the lats.